Healthe TRENDS | November 2008

Cold Comfort

COLDS ARE VIRAL INFECTIONS and can’t be caught from sitting in a draft or not dressing warmly. The easiest way to get these viruses is from other people—by shaking their hands, being near them when they sneeze, or touching things they have touched.

Remember the following facts about colds:

  • Antibiotics are effective only for treating bacterial infections. They won’t cure or shorten the length of the common cold, which is a viral infection.
  • Sinus congestion, colored nasal discharge, and headaches frequently accompany the common cold and don’t always mean a serious cold or sinus infection.
  • Symptoms start quickly, worsen during the first three to five days, then slowly improve.
  • A cold usually goes away on its own in seven to 14 days.
  • Some loss of appetite or difficulty sleeping is normal with colds, especially in children.

SELF-CARE STEPS FOR A COLD

These remedies won’t cure or shorten the length of a cold, but they can make you feel better while you wait it out.
  • Raise the humidity in your home. You can sit in the bathroom with a hot shower running or use a cool mist humidifier (don’t forget to clean it daily).
  • Drink extra fluids. Warm fluids are especially soothing. Avoid alcohol, which can make you feel more congested.
  • Sleep with your head raised on a pillow to relieve nasal congestion.
  • Gargle with saltwater or suck hard candy.
  • Try saline nose drops or sprays.
  • Remain up and about. You may benefit from extra rest, but generally you’ll feel better by staying moderately active.
  • Use over-the-counter nasal sprays or decongestants sparingly. Because of potential side effects, be sure to follow the recommended dosage and precautions.

WHEN TO SEE A DOCTOR

Colds rarely have complications that require a doctor’s care. However, call a doctor if:
  • Ear discomfort becomes severe
  • A sore throat becomes severe and is accompanied by a fever
  • You cough up thick rusty or green mucus
  • A child develops rapid or difficult breathing, starts wheezing, or acts irritable or lethargic
Be proactive: The best way to prevent the spread of colds is to avoid people with them and to wash your hands frequently.

To learn more: Family Doctor, www.familydoctor.org

Cold War

Although the common cold is usually mild, it is a leading cause of doctor visits and missed days from school and work. Children have about six to 10 colds a year. Adults average about two to four colds a year. Women, especially those ages 20 to 30 years old, have more colds than men, possibly because of their closer contact with children. On average, people older than 60 have fewer than one cold a year.